Assist. Prof. Dr. Ashwan A. Abdulmunem

Lect. Dr. Ruaa Abdulridha Saeed Alsabah

Introduction

The utilizing of green computing in any of the life fields necessitates understanding for each of their characteristics. An implanted device, for example, requires a continuous supply of energy, effective heat control, and excellent reliability. Portable device battery life is crucial. Their achievements, however, cannot be compromised. In the state of biomedical servers, the use of renewable energy resources and performance are more important.

When examining the use of green computing in any of the biomedical system fields, we can assign one or more of the following characteristics: Power consumption, Energy collection from renewable energy sources, Heat dissipation, Area reduction, Cost, Performance, and Reliability.

Green computing concept

Green computing is an approach of computation that is friendly to the environment. It entails using computers, computing devices, and IT resources with little power and perhaps disposing of parts to safeguard the environment. Green computing, green IT, or ICT sustainability are all terms used to describe the research and application of ecologically sustainable computing or IT.

The goals of green computing are similar to those of green chemistry: lessening the use of dangerous chemicals, improving energy efficiency over the course of a product’s lifecycle, and enhancing the recyclability or biodegradability of manufacturing waste. For all kinds of systems, from small mobile devices to massive data centres, green computing is essential. Figure (1) illustrated the framework of green computing.

History of Green Computing

The first green computer project was started in 1992 with the launch of Energy Star [2]. This was a standard that was used in various electrical devices, such as refrigerators and televisions, to save energy. Eventually, the term Green Computing was discarded and replaced with Energy Star.

Objectives of Green Computing

The goal of green computing is to reduce the amount of dangerous items that can be used in a computer, as well as increase its energy efficiency. It also aims to develop new algorithms that can help improve the computer’s performance.

Importance of Green Computing

It touched home where the news announced that the environment was not a renewable resource, and people recognized that they needed to do their bit to protect the environment [3]. Consequently, computers plays an important role to keep the environment green and protected. When this machine is involved in recycling, older computer disposal is more difficult, and there is more garbage to be dumped in landfills.

In any event, this decade has seen an increase in electronic waste. Many negative consequences, particularly for humans, are finally apparent in this setting. A frightening 70% of all hazardous wastes were created as a result of the growing growth of electronics. Many hazardous chemicals, for example intense rubbish and flame-resistant polymers, have a high concentration of computer waste, which rapidly sprouts in groundwater and bio-accumulates. Furthermore, large amounts of resources are required for the creation of electronic chips, and individuals are subjected to the use of harmful gases and toxins.

We don’t be careful what happens to our laptop, and we’ve stopped believing it. In actuality, it is either disposed of in a landfill or sent to impoverished nations. Their offspring are removed from their hands by melting poisonous chunks in order to locate rich metals such as gold or traces.

Furthermore, an E-Waste trade chain is being established in underdeveloped countries for the importation of old electronics. They make use of a large number of labourers, gatherers, fragments, agents, scrap merchants, and Reusing non-useful segments involves using devour or corrosive plunge as well as other non-commercial processes. After being burned, solid trash eventually finds its way into rivers, along with other pollutants, acids, and other substances. There was a serious issue with water contamination as a result.

Green Computing Approaches

We shall shed light on many ways to green computing for implementation in a variety of applications all are illustrated below [2,3,4]:

⦁ Virtualization

One use of abstract computing resources is by connecting a single printer to all machines.

⦁ Terminal Servers (TS)

This application can save energy consumption by up to 80% when utilized on a shared server and shared by all terminals.

⦁ Power Administration

Because there was ineffective management to ensure that electricity was provided to every component of the computer in earlier technologies, computer components used more power.

⦁ Power Source

Green computing technology has increased the efficiency of PCs, which formerly consumed 60% of the power supply and wasted 40% of it.

⦁ Storage

Now the need of new technology is required because present hard drives use more energy when storing data.

⦁ Product Recyclability

In which unwanted computer items are recycled

Green Computing Techniques

Green computing techniques have reduced overhead energy usage and maximized server utilization using an approach that includes server virtualization. However, technological developments such as the rise of data analytics and artificial intelligence may stymie progress in green computing solutions.

Applications for Green Computing

There are several uses of green computing; each one is outlined below:

Product Recycling: Almost all gadgets (PC/Laptop/Mobile Phone) contain harmful chemicals, contaminants, and valuable metals. As a result, businesses are beginning to recycle these garbage.

Data Centers: The majority of electricity is required to power data centers, which are also more expensive. As a result, most prominent technology companies such as Apple, Amazon, and Google build energy-efficient data centers with low environmental impact and expense.

Electric Vehicle: Today, most automobiles are fuelled by electricity rather than gasoline. As a result, most people are seeking for ways to counteract climate change; green computing is a high-demand technology.

Heating and lighting: As connected gadgets become more widespread, they are delivering heating and lighting such as LED and smart thermostats. They help to reduce energy use by allowing you to operate them via a smartphone app.

Alternative Energy: Nowadays, many IT firms use alternative energy sources such as solar energy, wind power, etc.

Green Computing Applications:

Green computing technology is employed in a variety of applications [3,5,6], including:

⦁ Data Center Energy Management

⦁ In Energy Efficiency, Green Cloud Computing

⦁ Wireless Green Network

⦁ Big Data Systems and Green Parallel Computing

⦁ Green cloud computing in conjunction with a genetic algorithm.

References

[1] M. K. Aery, “Green Computing: A Study on Future Computing and Energy Saving Technology,” An Int. J. Eng. Sci., vol. 25, no. November 2017, 2018.

[2] https://kamipunyaassignment.blogspot.com/2011/11/history-of-green-computing.html

[3] A. D. Borah, D. Muchahary, and S. K. Singh, “Power Saving Strategies in Green Cloud Computing Systems,” Int. J. Grid Distrib. Comput., vol. 8, no. February, pp. 299–306, 2015.

[4] Reena Thomas, Fedrina J Manjaly, 2015, Approaches in Green Computing, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY (IJERT) NSRCL – 2015 (Volume 3 – Issue 28).

[5] Berkhout, F., Hertin, J., Impacts of Information and Communication Technologies on Environmental Sustainability: Speculations and Evidence, Report to the OECD, 2001, http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/4/6/1897156.pdf (accessed 2019-04-03).

[6]Xu X., Zhang, Q., Maneas, S., Sotiriadis, S., and Gavan C., “Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory. VMSAGE: A virtual machine scheduling algorithm based on the gravitational effect for green Cloud computing,” Simul. Model. Pract. Theory, no. June, pp.1–17, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simpat.2018.10.006